How Pain Killers Work And Their Common Side Effects

Using a painkiller is a common thing to treat general pain disorders. It’s used for a variety of reasons namely toothache, arthritis, for period issues, etc. It’s definitely not a good idea when it comes to prolong usage of such medications as it may lead to complications.  Pain killers has its inherent side-affects and they are described below -

There are three basic sorts of painkillers:

1. Paracetamol

Otherwise called acetaminophen, paracetamol is one of the ordinarily utilized analgesics to control fever. This drug is additionally used to reduce pain and body temperature

Working Of Paracetamol: It’s a matter of debate as to how this drug works. In any case, it is accepted for the fact that it’s a blend of prostaglandins in the focal sensory system (CNS). Prostaglandins are hormones which are discharged at the site of damage or infection and plays an active role in controlling inflammation.

Side Effects: It’s a mild medicine and tolerated well. Be that as it may, symptoms like allergies are common reactions. In any case, an overdose of this drug can prompt liver damage (hepatotoxicity). It’s always prudent to consult your specialist and know the right quantity to be taken to prevent side-affects

2. Non-steroidal mitigating drugs (NSAIDs)

NSAIDs are basic painkillers which decreases inflammation, fever, and pain. These drugs does not contain any steroids.  These are known as over the counter medicines (OTC) which can be used to treat migraine, period issues, menstrual cramps and toothache.

Working Of NSAIDs: NSAIDs repress the activity of the catalysts known as cyclooxygenases or COX compounds, which assume a key part in the generation of prostaglandins. Be that as it may, these medications are non-specific in their activity.

Side Effects: The primary concern when utilizing NSAIDs are complexities with gastrointestinal tract, kidney, heart, blood, liver and allergy symptoms. This is basically in light of the fact that these medications repress the activity of COX-1 chemical which influence the GI tract. In addition, these medications can be used in combination with different medicines.

These medications are generally utilized as over the counter (OTC) drugs to treat pain and fever. In any case, taking NSAIDs on a regular basis increases the chances of stroke and heart attack. Thus, abstain from utilizing these medications without unless and until it’s required under the supervision of the physician.

3. Opioids

Opioids are without doubt the strongest analgesics accessible in the market. These are normally used to treat severe to moderate pain. It is likewise for cancer treatment to minimize pain. Tramadol is a common medication for severe to moderate pain particularly for long term pain relieving.  

Working Of Opioids: This class of medications acts by stifling the neurotransmission in the CNS (Central Nervous System) which helps in easing pain. This is accomplished with the help of opioid receptors, all the more particularly μ receptor, present in the cerebrum.

Side Effects Of Opioids: The usage of opioids have become more common and so it the case with adverse drug reactions. The most well-known reactions of opioids includes nausea, vomiting, urinary retention, depression, etc.

As these medications are for commonly used to treat pain related issues, the hazard for opioid reliance has come into question due to over dependence and misuse.  It would be prudent to consult your physician before opting for such medications. This being the case a judicious approach is henceforth the solution when it comes to using such medications.  Stay Healthy, Stay Happy, Stay Hydrated!